Update re: Missing Songs (R.I.P. Divshare)

Those of you who have enjoyed the Kool Kovers blog site should know (or have already discovered) that the featured songs, which were a key element to the articles, no longer show up there. This is due to the extinction of the Divshare file storage website, which has vanished from the intertubes, along with all of the content that everyone stored there. A most frustrating development for all concerned.

I am evaluating the time-consuming task of updating all of the articles by re-uploading all of the relevant files, and tweaking the embedding links in each article. This will (ahem) take a while, so I'm trying to decide if it's going to be worth all the work. I may try reviving a couple of articles, just to see how the process goes.

Any suggestions for a reliable, online file storage service that has an Mp3 widget available (preferably with the option of turning off downloading) would be gratefully appreciated.

My warmest thanks to all Kool Kovers readers, past and present.

Good Night... and Godspeed

Dear friends o' the blog,

You may have noticed that there hasn't been a new feature article on the blog for some time now. That's because I've been a busy boy with real world things. I am currently working on no less than 3 band projects(!). I am also getting my new business, Wire & Wood Guitar Maintenance, up and running. These new enterprises are now commanding my time and resources, though in a positive way. I am reminded of why it's important to be careful what we wish for. Sometimes, abundance can be its own burden, yet I remain grateful.

I do have a backlog of ideas for songs to feature in blog articles, so it's not for lack of inspiration. It's just that the average article takes me a good 8-12 hours (at least) to research, compile, write and edit. My time is now at a premium, and the blog doesn't bring me any income. It never has.

I will continue to post articles and reviews on the blog when I can squeak out the time, and find the incentive to write at length. It will just be a lot less frequently than I would like. No matter what, I do plan to continue posting Kool Kovers on Facebook, as it's a smaller context and much easier to keep up with. So, bookmark that page!

My sincerest thanks go out to all of you who have enjoyed the Kool Kovers blog, and have voiced your support. I am indebted to every single one of you. Be kind to all, let the music play, and keep it sunny!

Bill Sammon

Twisted

Joni Mitchell, 1973 by Henry Diltz

If you ask different people what their favorite Joni Mitchell album is, the answer will likely depend on their primary preferred musical genre. If they enjoy Jazz, they'll pick "Hejira" or "Don Juan's Reckless Daughter". Folkies will go for earlier classics like "Blue" and "Ladies Of The Canyon", and those who like Rock will almost always choose "Court & Spark" as their go-to Joni album, although some crossover rebels will pick "For The Roses" or "The Hissing Of Summer Lawns". All are fine choices, as Joni Mitchell had an ever-evolving run of musical creativity and profound originality that engaged several different audiences; confusing some while enthralling others, often simultaneously.

Following the success of "For The Roses" in late 1972, Mitchell decided to spend the whole of 1973 writing and recording a new album that revealed her growing interest in new sounds, particularly those involving Jazz. Her stage appearances were far fewer than in previous years, as Joni performed a grand total of 3 shows in '73. She spent the majority of that year creating "Court & Spark", her 6th album, which was released in January of 1974.

There's no arguing that "Court & Spark" was the record that took her already successful career to superstar heights. Both critics and the public enthusiastically embraced the album, and success was reaffirmed when a 45 of "Help Me", was released in March. It received heavy radio airplay and became Mitchell's first and only Top 10 single in the Billboard charts, peaking at #7 on the Hot 100 in the first week of June, and reaching #1 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary charts. "Court & Spark" went on to be a big seller that year, peaking at #2 on the Billboard album charts, and holding that position for four weeks. It was kept from the top spot by three other albums that reached #1 during that time: Bob Dylan's "Planet Waves", Barbra Streisand's "The Way We Were" and John Denver's Greatest Hits. The album nonetheless became the pinnacle of Mitchell's commercial success.

At the 1975 Grammy Awards, "Court & Spark" was nominated for Album Of The Year honors, which went to Stevie Wonder's "Fulfillingness' First Finale". The single "Help Me" was also nominated for Record Of The Year and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, but didn't win either. Perhaps as a consolation prize, or perhaps not, another track from the album, "Down To You", did take home a Grammy in the category of Best Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist(s). It's not like the Grammys have any sort of reputation for being out of touch and missing the boat on anything, but truly, Stevie was on quite a roll in the 70's.

"Court & Spark" explored plenty of interesting new territory as the grooves wound their way through the album. But at the end of Side 2, things took a swingin' comic turn with the rapid fire lyric of "Twisted", a perfect album closer that lent a sly touch of needed humor to these wonderful, but fairly serious musical proceedings. "Twisted" gave as much, or even more of a clue to Joni's newfound path than the other songs on the album did. It even included a brief cameo from Cheech & Chong, whose pothead humor was, pardon the expression, peaking at the time. "Twisted" fast became a fan favorite. I well remember a group of girls on our high school bus singing it to each other at the top of their lungs, and laughing like the giggly schoolgirls they were. I'll bet they still sing along with it to this day.

Dave Lambert, Jon Hendricks, Annie Ross

"Twisted" was lovingly adapted by Joni from the original recording by Lambert, Hendricks & Ross, a popular vocal trio that had a relatively short run together, but made a giant impact on how vocals could be used in Jazz. Furthering the pioneering work of Ella Fitzgerald, their harmony work evolved into a style they called Vocalese. The idea behind their technique was to compose real lyrics and match them to written out instrumental solo parts, which was an arresting and innovative thing to hear at the time. To match up scat singing with precise lyrical poetry was far more difficult than it sounds.

Dave Lambert, Jon Hendricks and Annie Ross applied their style beyond the usual intimacy of a small combo to full big band arrangements. Their sharp and witty vocals, energetic delivery, and stupendous harmonies took the Jazz world by storm, making instant stars of the three performers and inspiring a host of similar acts, such as The Hi-Los, The King Sisters, and eventually, The Manhattan Transfer, who would likely not have existed in the form they did without the influence of Lambert, Hendricks & Ross. (The Transfer did a terrific album called "Vocalese" in 1985 that featured both Jon Hendricks and Bobby McFerrin).

Beginning as a duo in the mid-50's, Lambert and Hendricks decided to take on the challenging music of Count Basie. Their daring plan called for the use of a 12 man vocal choir to recreate full Basie arrangements, with one singer representing one instrument. Unable to find enough talented vocalists who could sight read music, they decided to hire studio singers and contacted Jazz vocalist Annie Ross to coach them. The results were disastrous and the idea of using a choir was dropped. Unwilling to give up, Lambert and Hendricks decided to experiment with the relatively new process of studio multi-tracking to create the same effect. They asked Ross to help. Ross could not sight read music but knew the original Basie recordings by heart.

When their debut recording, "Sing A Song Of Basie" was finally released in 1957 by ABC/Paramount, it became a smash hit. An equally successful follow-up album ensued, with Basie himself supporting the trio. The three singers were now in high demand. In 1959, they decided to take a different direction. Realizing the limits of multi-tracking for live performance, they abandoned it and hired a rhythm section. The resulting effort earned them even greater accolades. The trio then recorded four more albums together on the Columbia label, and also pursued solo projects.

By 1962, Annie Ross had tired of touring and called it quits. Lambert and Hendricks choose Yolande Bavan for the impossible job of replacing Ross. Lambert, Hendricks & Bavan recorded three albums for RCA. None were as successful as those of the previous trio, and the group broke up in 1964. Sadly, Dave Lambert was killed in a car accident in 1966. Jon Hendricks continues to perform. Annie Ross also continued singing and working in films.

Here is the original 1960 recording of "Twisted" by Lambert, Hendricks, and mostly, Ross. The music was composed by Wardell Gray, and Annie Ross wrote the scatty lyric. Enjoy!

"Twisted" can be found on this excellent CD reissue at Amazon. It's a good one to have, as it contains 3 of their best Columbia albums in one reasonably priced 2 disc set. There's also an interesting import boxed set that's certainly affordable, but I can't vouch for the packaging or sound quality. Either way, the innovative music of Lambert, Hendricks & Ross is well deserving of your time and effort to seek out and immerse yourself in.

Much like Bob Dylan's "Blood On The Tracks", Joni Mitchell's "Court & Spark" is a terrific place to begin your collection of her work, as you can proceed either forward or back from there. Some of her earlier works like "Blue", "Hejira", "Ladies Of The Canyon" and of course, "Court & Spark" have already been reissued on 180 gram vinyl through Rhino/Warner Brothers.

If you should happen to have none of Joni's amazing recordings on your shelves, you may want to take the plunge and pop for this wonderful 10 disc box set that contains all of her recordings for Reprise and Asylum, packaged in mini LP jacket reproductions, and all of them freshly spiffed up sonically for your enjoyment. You'll need a magnifier to read the lyrics, but less than $38 including shipping, that's a per-disc price you shouldn't pass up.

For those of you that are fans of Joni's earlier, more Folk-oriented work, you'll want to check out the the recently released "Live At The Second Fret", a 1966 coffeehouse performance recorded by Philadelphia's Temple University radio station WRTI. The audio isn't perfect, but still rather good, considering the age of the source tapes. It's circulated for decades as a bootleg, but is just now getting a semi-official release. Just the same, I'd pick it up before someone changes their mind and files an injunction.

Review: Beyond Belief - A Tribute To Elvis Costello

As I asked in a previous article, who could have guessed that out of all the new acts that popped up every week back in the Punk / New Wave era of the late 70's, that it would be Elvis Costello who would still be turning out meaningful work and touring regularly nearly 40 years on? I might have picked Joe Jackson, but what did I know? I loved the first 5 or 6 Elvis Costello albums, and still do, along with much of his later work. What I didn't know then was how much the brilliant work of bassist Bruce Thomas of The Attractions would influence my own bass playing over time. I consider that a bonus.

The arrival of a new tribute album dedicated to the songs of Elvis Costello is a surprise in the sense of how overdue it is. It's curious that no one had thought of doing a project like this, on this level, before now. The only other ones I can think of were a 2010 indie band collection that flew way under the radar, and an album assembled by the Rhino label in the late 90's that was just a compilation of tunes Costello wrote for other artists, and did not feature songs recorded specifically for that album. So they only came close. This one hits the bullseye squarely. It's the Elvis Costello tribute album we've all been waiting for. The kicker is that it manages to deliver consistently high quality recordings along with ear popping quantity; a rare achievement indeed. Co-produced by longtime Costello fans Olivia Frain and John Borack, this collection features independent artists putting their own spin on Elvis Costello classics and some essential deep cuts. Borack also produced one of my favorite tribute albums, the long out of print and now collectable Bubblegum compilation, "Right To Chews".

In keeping with Elvis Costello's own history of cramming a lot of songs onto an album, ("Get Happy" and "Taking Liberties" each had 20 songs on a single vinyl LP), "Beyond Belief: A Tribute To Elvis Costello" features a whopping 50 songs by 50 bands spread out over 3 CDs. Even with that much to choose from, Costello has written so much good material over the last three decades or so that it would not be difficult to have included at least 1 or 2 more discs worth of cover songs, and still keep the quality level high. But really, I'm delighted with 50. It's a nice round number.

I've been listening to "Beyond Belief" for the last couple of weeks and I can't believe how consistently good it is, to the point where it's been difficult to remain critically objective. Even a single CD of 10- 20 tunes will have at least a couple that may not work for you, or even rub you wrong. But here, we have 50 songs over 3 CD's, and I haven't heard one track that made me say "OK, that's just wrong". The clear majority of the musicians here have taken the original recording as a guide, and played it as they would play it. That doesn't sound like much of a statement, but the key is that when they play the song, they sound like themselves, while fully respecting the song's integrity. Very few, if any of the recordings rely solely on mimicry, but those that do have it, offer their share of Costello-isms with a sincere affection.

The evolution of Elvis

Despite the ample evidence that Costello has proven to be a brilliant lyricist and a most musical composer, and having done some co-writing with the likes of Paul McCartney and Burt Bacharach, I know there are some folks who just can't seem to get past either the sound of his voice, or some of the knottier complexities of his more advanced music. I can understand and appreciate that point of view. It is with that in mind that I will suggest that an album of well executed cover versions, such as this one, might prove a fine way to nudge someone who is on the fence about Costello's music to listen a little further, and hear some of the things that the musicians doing the covers have heard in the songs. It's an exploration well worth your time, and theirs.

Some of my favorite tracks include the Everly-esque vocal harmonies on "Brilliant Mistake" by Dennis Schocket & Cliff Hillis, and the faithful recreations of David Myhr's "Veronica", "(I Don't Want to Go To) Chelsea" by The Stars Explode, and "Beyond Belief" by Nelson Bragg & Ken Cleveland. Honeychain rocks their energetic and crunchy version of "This Year's Girl". Brandon Schott's fine orchestral take on "Riot Act" explores the compositional and dynamic potential of the original. The punchy brass parts on "Pump It Up" by The Rubinoos would make it a dance floor packer for any live band with a horn section. I also enjoyed the brave and creative Doo-Wop vocals of "Blame It On Cain" by Jamie & Steve, the sultry groove on Kelley Ryan's "Monkey To Man", the acoustic mood shift of "I Hope You're Happy Now" by Smithereens bassist, Severo Jornacion, and the soulful bounce of Gail George's reading of "Deep Dark Truthful Mirror". That's only about 20% of the album, but any omission here does not infer anything negative. It's just that there's so much terrific music on the album that a track-by-track review would be an overly lengthy read. I'm sure you will discover your own favorites.

Here's a brief sampler of 3 random songs from the album. Enjoy.

It must be said that I like the packaging of the discs. The artwork is appropriately eye catching, in a nod to EC's classic late 70's cover art, but the producers were also smart to go with a glossy and reasonably sturdy paperboard wallet design that holds the 3 CD's and a booklet. I much prefer this design over the clunky, shelf space hogging multi-boxes of old, or the slim plastic triple cases that crack if you look at them cross-eyed. This is an aesthetically solid design that uses no plastic, and was likely a wise choice for the album's production budget as well.

I would be greatly remiss if I didn't tell you that 100% of the proceeds from the release will go to the Mr. Holland's Opus Foundation, which was founded by the late composer, Michael Kamen. The foundation helps put musical instruments into the hands of children in underserved areas. This fundraising is going towards a great cause, which is all the more reason for you to pick up this album promptly.

You can acquire the album at the Spyderpop Records website, which has links to buy the CD direct from the label, or you can visit CD Baby to listen to samples and choose the CD's or the digital download. The CD edition is currently limited to 1000 copies, so act now. There's also a 3 hour radio program on Soundcloud, The Time Machine, featuring DJ Michael McCartney playing many of the tracks from the album, along with a phone interview with co-producer John Borack.

This album provides further reinforcement of my theory that independent producers and artists will outperform major labels on tribute projects like this every time. "Beyond Belief" is clearly a labor of love, and a serious contender for Best Tribute Album of 2015, even though it's only February. It also happens to be one of the best tributes to the music of any one artist that I've yet seen. I understand that Costello himself is aware of the project, and is no doubt pleased. If you enjoy the songs of Elvis Costello to any extent, then this exceptional tribute is well deserving of an immediate spot in your collection, and plenty of spins in your CD player.

Baby Let Your Hair Grow Long

In 1988, the release of a new solo album by Brian Wilson was a most newsworthy event. During the second half of the 1970's, Wilson was under the medical and psychiatric care of his therapist, Dr. Eugene Landy, after spending several years doing little or no work with The Beach Boys. But starting in 1983, under Landy's constant supervision, Wilson began making infrequent trips to recording studios, amassing a hefty amount of songwriting collaborations with his old friend and collaborator, Gary Usher, yet still only having marginal involvement with what would become The Beach Boys' eponymous 1985 album, making it unforeseeable that Wilson could work as a seriously productive musician or composer ever again. The initial single from that Beach Boys album was released in April of '85. "Let's Go To Heaven In My Car", co-written with Usher, was a flop, despite or perhaps because of being included in the soundtrack for the movie "Police Academy 4".

Despite all odds, Wilson was signed to a multi-album solo recording contract with Sire Records in early 1987, after label president Seymour Stein saw Wilson perform an acappella version of "On Broadway" at a Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction. Producer Lenny Waronker concurred, and Andy Paley was hired as co-producer to lend an empathic ear and keep Brian on task. Gary Usher was a key participant in the early demo work for the album, until Eugene Landy later removed him from the project without explanation.

The eponymous debut solo album by Brian Wilson was released in July 1988 on Sire Records. It was voted one of the best albums of 1988 by NME, and as part of its acclaim, garnered the nickname "Pet Sounds '88" among some critics. Wilson themed the album around love and spirituality, exemplified by its lead single "Love and Mercy". Although the album's sessions were reportedly contentious, with some participants demanding a progressive artistic statement instead of conventional pop songs, Wilson managed to stay true to his own vision, despite the constant pressures of what others wanted from him.

Certain portions of "Brian Wilson" harken back to his earlier work with The Beach Boys. The song "Baby Let Your Hair Grow Long" is sort of a spiritual sequel to "Caroline, No", as Wilson himself explained: "At first, when I wrote the melody, I thought maybe it should be a love song. Most of the lyrics were romantic, but then I said, 'Wait a minute. Let's get rid of some of the love aspects, the romantic aspects of this song, and put in more sexual lyrics'. It's like when girls whack their hair off short, and they don't give a shit. Sometimes, you prompt someone to hit the road and get on the stick and let your hair grow long and try harder. It also exemplifies beauty in a girl."

The 1980's left us with many recordings that are now as identifiable by their heavy handed production techniques as they are by the actual melody at hand. In many cases, the two are inseparable. There are other unfortunate examples where the production overruled the song. This is one of those tracks.

 

In 2000, Sire re-released the album through Rhino/Atlantic Records with non-album single tracks, B-sides, demos, instrumentals, and interview clips. On its 25th anniversary in 2013, Friday Music reissued the album on blue 180g vinyl. Initially, Landy and his girlfriend, Alexandra Morgan, had their names included as co-writing credits on some of the songs on "Brian Wilson", but since Landy was successfully removed from Wilson's life in 1991, the credits were later revised to reflect their lack of involvement in Wilson's songs.

Nelson Bragg is a multi-instrument musician, best known as a drummer, percussionist, and harmony vocalist who has performed in more than 30 bands and has been involved in numerous recordings. In 2003, Bragg joined Brian Wilson’s band as percussionist/vocalist to perform on Brian's recreation of the legendary unreleased album "Smile".

In February 2004, Brian's band premiered the "Smile" show at the Royal Festival Hall in London, and performed a subsequent UK tour. "Smile" was then recorded and released to critical acclaim, winning a Grammy in the Best Instrumental category for the track "Mrs. O'Leary's Cow", which featured Bragg on whistles, sound effects, and celery. In a 2009 interview, Nelson said "Working with Brian Wilson helped me with arrangement skills for sure, and also helped me hear tuning better. My singing has vastly improved after 5 years with him, and I am certainly more adventurous with my harmony choices."

Nelson's 2nd solo album, "We Get What We Want", is a terrific collection of melodic, multi-layered Pop that showcases Bragg's skillful songwriting abilities that were no doubt influenced by not just Brian Wilson's work, but by many others along the way. Bragg wears these influences proudly, but not in any manner that overshadows his own work. He is developing his own sound, which is no easy task for any songwriter, building on the sounds of his previous album, "Day Into Night". He has mentioned on social media that his next album is in the works, but only he knows when we will get to hear it. He takes his time with his music, releasing it only when the work is complete to his satisfaction, as it should be.

Nelson Bragg at his office

I was most grateful when Nelson responded to my written request for some background on the recording of his version of Brian Wilson's "Baby Let Your Hair Grow Long", which is a feature track on "We Get What We Want". I told him that I felt Brian's version had the unfinished vibe of a demo, rather than a polished final recording. Nelson confirmed that in his response to me.

"When I make a new record, I always do 2 covers, one by a friend, or, an exceedingly obscure writer, and one by a famous artist. For "We Get What We Want", I thought it was time to cover Brian. But I am REALLY picky about covers. I have to bring something new to the table, or out-do the original in some way. One thing I love is when I hear a song by an artist where the beauty of the song is really obvious, but the era production or the format (obscure b-side) don't allow the song to get noticed."

"In preparation for a Brian Wilson cover, I was determined to hear literally every single song he ever wrote, or was a large part of. Nick Walusko from the Brian band gave me a DVD of everything: live, studio, solo, bootlegs, demos, covers, every single thing Brian ever did. It took me 3 or 4 days of constantly listening to find the treasure that is "Baby Let Your Hair Grow Long". There was not one song, other than this one, that I could really 'do something' with. It needed improvement and it sounds like a song I would have written, two great reasons to cover it. The 80's synth percussion and keyboard production is awful on that song. It is bombastic and plodding. It's an incredible lost opportunity for him. But the upside was that it seemed like a sequel to "Caroline No" from "Pet Sounds"! Unbelievable. On my last record, I have a song called "Death Of Caroline". I mean, it was clear: I am recording this song!… but it needed to be softer and more tender, maybe less chords, and I heard a mellotron on it. I really felt it needed a Psych treatment, as if Syd Barrett wrote it. So I changed the key up a whole step to make it lighter, but kept the tempo the same. It is NOT slower. I removed several chords in the pre-chorus and saved them for the last one. I sang softer, I even changed a few words to make it flow better; a "the" here or an "and" there…very minor improprieties. When it was done, I was thrilled. It was old-timey in a way."

"I tracked a small 1939 Martin acoustic on it, and drenched the song with mellotron. The drums are a tom-tom ostinato mixed low. I added a piano line on it that is not on the original. I was very influenced by The Stones' "She's A Rainbow" with that, and I compressed the hell out of it. I also added a guitar / trumpet duet that is not on the original, giving it a Sgt. Pepper feel. Another thing about this version: there is no bass. Instead, I tracked a huge pump organ line playing 1/4 note triplets. All of this with an extended vocal outro did the trick for me….a little Stones, a bit of Syd, a dash of Beatles and myself covering Brian Wilson. Good times!"

This is what can happen when skilled musical craftsmen are able to discover the true colors of a song that was buried under excessive production. They uncover it, feed it, give it room to breathe, and encourage it to bloom.

You can find music by Nelson Bragg at CD Baby, and Amazon, where there are also several albums by other artists that Nelson performed on. CD's of "Day Into Night" are hard to locate, but "We Get What We Want" is still readily available, as are downloads of either album. Both are terrific and highly recommended.

I would also like to send out my personal thanks to Mr. Nelson Bragg for his timely, enthusiastic, and thorough response to my queries regarding his process of recording the song. We would ask him to please give Brian our warmest regards, and sincere thanks for all of his great music.

The discography of Brian Wilson has grown considerably since the late 80's, and that's before you get into his work with The Beach Boys. I can't lament the loss of what music we could have had during his personal low times during the 70's and 80's, because Brian's output since then has been so consistently good. This is in no small way due to the love, generosity, empathy, and attention to detail provided to Brian and his music by musicians like Nelson Bragg, and for that, as someone who enjoys the fruits of Brian's creative spirit, I am most grateful.

Editorial: Is Vinyl Killing The Mp3 Industry?

...or does it?

About a year ago, after purchasing and assembling a rather large, wall-sized CD storage rack, I posted a photo of this behemoth on Facebook. The first comment on that post was something along the line of how much simpler it was to have the same amount of music stored digitally on an external hard drive the size of a hardcover book. (An ironic analogy, I thought.) I have found that this is a widely held opinion these days, although I would caution digital media fans to back up their hard drives. If you've ever had a hard drive crash on you, taking all of your stuff down with it, then you understand that pain. This is a primary reason why I prefer having hard copy CD's and vinyl records, but there's much more to it than that.

Please understand, I like the convenience of digital media. I'm the kid who used to head over to his friends' house with 20 record albums stuffed under each arm. Being able to fit 5 times that much music (with room to spare) into a device that fits in my shirt pocket, that can sound as good if not better than my old records, is pretty darn slick. As vinyl collectors know, any respectable record collection can weigh a ton. In the early 90's, when my wife and I moved from a rented townhome into our first proper house, my record collection numbered around 4000, and it was boxed up in groups of about 50-70 albums per box. After the moving guys had schlepped all the furniture, and an upright piano, they started on the records. You'd have thought they were going to die. As with anything else, it's not the weight that gets you, it's the reps. So yes, digital media definitely has the advantage there.

Nonetheless, I have to wonder if one format is truly better than others, or are they all just different, equally valid options? Overall, I am finding that the answer is entirely subjective. As it has been during any period of multiple home audio formats, there are several choices, and which is best depends on your own perspective of what is right for you. So let's have a brief look at the past for some perspective on how we got to the way things are now.

In the 70's, we had turntables, reel-to-reel tape, cassettes, and the popular but clunky 8 track cartridge. No audiophile of that time whose opinion was worth his Stereo Review subscription would have said that the 8 track was the best home listening format; nor would that same person have had a turntable or reel-to-reel deck in his car. They all had their purpose, but vinyl records were still the primary format back then, despite their size, weight, and the necessity of being careful when handling them, not that everyone did that.

I done been hyp-mo-tized!

When compact discs arrived in the mid-80's, they were revolutionary in many ways. They certainly weighed a lot less. The all-too-familiar pops, crackles and skips of vinyl were gone. They didn't warp and you didn't have to be quite as careful with them. But above all, they were shiny. We liked the shiny. We liked it so much that we didn't see behind the curtain. Through the compact disc, the record industry was able to persuade most of us to replace our record collections en masse, despite the average retail price of $18-20 per disc. They advanced this by reducing the number of vinyl pressings made, and retooling their pressing facilities for CD's. Many private record pressers who couldn't afford to adapt their operation closed their doors. Records were expeditiously evicted from stores, as browsing racks were quickly rehabbed for CD longboxes. (Remember them?) The big music corporations also saved millions on the backside by greatly reducing shipping expenses due to weight, and by slashing returns losses for defective vinyl.

It took some time before the concept of using better masters for CD's took hold, as our ears were used to the subpar sonics that the often terrible record pressings of the 70's provided. For the rest of the 80's, it was a full speed "find a master and call the plant" production schedule, regardless of the sonic quality of the master that was used, hence the notoriously poor sound of the first edition CD's of classic albums like "Abraxas" by Santana, Rod Stewart's "Every Picture Tells A Story", Jethro Tull's "Aqualung", and several others. Most of these CD's were made from multi-generational copies of copies that suffered from muffled highs, excessive compression, distortion, and other maladies that weren't corrected until the arrival of the Mobile Fidelity Gold editions. Only then did the notion of improving sound for CD release occur, as the technology now allowed for it, and customers began to make their demand for it known.

A tube amplifier by CAV Audio. Righteous.

One thing that has certainly changed is the way people listen to music. Our attention span as a society is not what it once was. Truthfully, it's been in decline since Americans got used to having the radio in their lives. Many of us use music or the TV as background noise in our homes, and that's fine. What I'm talking about is a decline of participatory listening for the pure enjoyment of the music, and for the quality of its sound.

I believe that the portability and convenience of digital music lends itself to an effortless disengagement by the audience. Furthermore, I contend that the advent of the intangible digital file has contributed greatly to a perceptional devaluation of music by the lay public, both as an art form, and monetarily, depriving music of the attention and value it deserves. They can't hold onto it. It's a download, so what's it worth? A buck? They'd rather talk than listen. It pains me when live music that is intended to be listened to is loudly talked over in public places, although alcohol often plays a starring role in that behavior. It's not new, but it seems to have become worse over the last couple of decades.

Webster's defines the word 'listen' as "to pay attention to someone or something in order to hear what is being said, sung, played, etc." Therefore, true concentrated listening is an active, yet submissive event. Formats like vinyl and reel-to-reel tape require some preparation for the listening experience. There's a ritual of sorts that goes with having a good amplifier and the smell of the tubes heating up; the careful handling and cleaning process to remove dust from the record, and once that's done, the anticipation of the slow needle drop. After all that comes the best part: the active engagement and immersion in the sound of the music.

This is why some say that listening to music on vinyl is an experience that can't be matched by simply pushing an instant play button on a digital device. Vinyl is perfect in all of its imperfections. For many reasons that are still unfolding, records are being manufactured again in numbers that grow each year. Pressing plants worldwide are overbooked, new ones are opening, and the records themselves are of far better quality than ever before. My personal opinion is that while vinyl is an excellent format for many genres of music, it does not suit all of them. I've found that Jazz on the Blue Note and Impulse labels, Chess Blues, Folk, Americana and Acoustic music in general, along with most Classic Rock seems to fare the best on vinyl. Anything electronically oriented or generated, not so much. This can be anything from Emerson Lake & Palmer to Nine Inch Nails to Daft Punk. I can enjoy the music of those bands, but I prefer them on CD. It's just a better fit.

I contend that one of the main reasons for the resurrection of vinyl is that it's something of a backlash against the Mp3. There's a sound quality issue, yes, but I also believe that there is a strong desire for something tangible. Music is kind of 'in the air' anyway, isn't it? It's just sound; a composed idea, invisible and weightless. To further that by having all of your music collection stored in an ethereal "cloud" only distances you from your music. We need to have a way to store this fragile thing for convenient reference when we want to hear it again, and to hold it in our hands. The listening experience is also enhanced by having a cover designed with intriguing artwork, photos, song lyrics, and various other enclosed items that can be as exciting and entertaining as the music itself. Besides, should I be fortunate enough to somehow meet the performer of a recorded work, I cannot ask them if they would please sign my download.

I want this shirt.

Records and CD's also provide a way for the writers and performers to get paid for their creative work. Terrific advancements have been made in the digital arena for musicians to sell their own downloads, and I think that's great. It's not just convenient, but it helps keep production costs for the artist in check.

An ugly concept that surfaced during the 90's heyday of peer-to-peer download services like Napster and Limewire is the false and dangerous perception that music should be free art for the public to consume at will, without compensating artists for their work. This is hurtful and destructive, as it causes grave injury and insult to independent artists who depend on their work being purchased, just so they can make an honest living at their craft.

When I say honest living, I'm talking about making enough to cover normal living expenses, and being able to self-finance recording and touring, because there is no old-model record company that is able or willing to back them anymore. Make no mistake, the old ways of rock star royalty making millions off of record sales that keep them in bathtubs full of cocaine are long gone. The days of cushy development deals are gone. The corporations want a sure-fire hit right now, and more for later. There are many big name, legacy artists who wouldn't have a snowball's chance on a gas grille of getting a deal with a major label if they were a new artist today, because their music, fan base, and sales were developed through several album releases over time. This simply does not happen anymore. Recording, touring, and just living is expensive these days, and all those costs come out of the artist's pocket first, which has to be made back before any profit is realised. Thankfully, crowdfunding websites are making things easier, but it's still a tough go. Face it, no one goes into any business just to break even.

To those who download without buying, I say this. You're not "stickin' it to the man" by downloading free music. You're stickin' it to the artist whose work you claim to love so much. Why would it make sense for them to continue to sweat their guts out and hamstring their finances creating more music that you're just gonna steal from them? Don't tell me they'll make it up in merchandise and ticket sales. That's a lie. Theft is theft, no matter what column on the spreadsheet it comes from. If you like what they do, buy the music. Besides, the torrent sites are infested with viruses and bugware.

In closing, a quick anecdote about stealing from artists. I once knew a guy who was dumb enough to ask the bassist for The Replacements if he would autograph a record. That's fine, but it was a bootleg! The bassist took a black Sharpie and wrote F**K YOU!! in giant bold letters across the entire cover, then cussed the guy out for buying bootlegs instead of a t-shirt or one of their legit albums. I don't blame him a bit.